Application of the Kilimanjaro Concept in Reversing Seawater Intrusion and Securing Water Supply in Zanzibar, Tanzania

There is escalating salinity levels on small islands due to uncontrolled groundwater extraction. Conventionally, this challenge addressed by adopting optimal pumping strategies. Currently, Unguja Island (Zanzibar), urban freshwater supplied desalination, which expensive and energy-intensive. Hence, desalinization cannot be afforded rural communities. This study demonstrates that the innovative Kilimanjaro Concept (KC), based rainwater harvesting (RWH) can remediate seawater intrusion in Unguja, while enabling a universal safe drinking water supply. The reasoning rooted balance of whole island. It shown if systematically harvested, quantitatively stored, partly infiltrated, will reversed, supply secured. Water treatment with affordable technologies (e.g., filtration adsorption) suggested. universality KC its suitability for demonstrated. Future research should focus pilot testing concept other island nations.